The concepts of filial piety and factors affecting filial piety of Vietnamese people

Abstract

“Filial piety” is a fundamental moral value of the Vietnamese people, expressing the respect and gratitude of children towards their parents. It also embodies gratitude towards one’s roots, preserving the esteemed values of ancestors. Filial piety is a personal value that governs behaviour within the family and community. It has been revered in various beliefs and religions, particularly in ancestor worship. Originating from a culture that values emotions and gratitude, Vietnamese filial piety towards parents, ancestors, and loyalty to the country has been transmitted through generations since ancient times. The Vietnamese have integrated patriarchal norms, family values, and religious rituals of filial piety from Buddhism, Taoism, and especially Confucianism, further enriching and expanding the meaning of Vietnamese filial piety. This study aims to address questions regarding the viewpoints and practices of filial piety in traditional society; identify the factors shaping filial piety; and examine contemporary elements influencing Vietnamese filial culture. The study reveals that, in addition to moral values within the family, Vietnamese filial piety embodies community values and notably fosters patriotism rooted in village culture and national history. The approaches of Vietnamese and area studies are employed to comparatively analyse and synthesise the concepts and practices of filial piety in folklore, beliefs, and religions; and to discern differences in Vietnamese filial piety compared to the core values of filial culture influenced by Confucianism.